What is the primary concern for a newborn with polysyndactyly?

Polysyndactyly, a condition characterized by the presence of extra fingers or toes (polydactyly) and fusion of the digits (syndactyly), is primarily a genetic condition. This means that the underlying concern revolves around potential genetic abnormalities associated with this anomaly.

Newborns with polysyndactyly may not only exhibit the physical manifestations of extra or fused digits, but they also may be part of a syndrome or have associated genetic conditions, such as those involving chromosomal abnormalities. Therefore, the identification of polysyndactyly prompts further evaluation for other congenital anomalies and potential hereditary implications that could affect the newborn and the family.

While the other options might be concerns in broader contexts or with different conditions, they are not directly linked to the primary implications of polysyndactyly itself. For example, respiratory distress might be more relevant in immediate life-threatening conditions, whereas infection risk could ensue if there are significant structural issues or surgical interventions required. Cardiac anomalies are indeed linked to certain syndromic presentations but are not the primary focus when assessing the implications linked specifically to polysyndactyly. Thus, the genetic aspect truly stands out as the main concern for further evaluation and counseling.