In the case of a 15-year-old asthma patient in moderate distress with no improvement, which delivery method should be selected for heliox therapy?

In a situation where a 15-year-old asthma patient is experiencing moderate respiratory distress with no improvement, the use of heliox therapy—composed of helium and oxygen—can be particularly beneficial. The most effective delivery method for heliox in this scenario is a non-rebreather mask.

Using a non-rebreather mask allows for a high concentration of heliox to be delivered directly to the patient. This method creates a seal around the patient’s face, ensuring that they receive a substantial volume of the therapeutic gas mixture while minimizing the inhalation of ambient air. In moderate to severe distress patients, maintaining high concentrations of heliox is critical, as it is lighter than air and can reduce airways resistance, thus facilitating easier breathing.

A non-rebreather mask also provides a reservoir of heliox, ensuring that the patient has continuous access to the gas as they inhale, which is particularly crucial when they are in moderate distress. This delivery method contrasts with other options that may not provide as high a concentration or sufficient volume of heliox, potentially limiting the therapeutic effects needed in an acute setting.