In cases of suspected apnea in preterm infants, what is the preferred initial intervention?

In cases of suspected apnea in preterm infants, caffeine therapy is recognized as the preferred initial intervention. Caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant that can increase respiratory drive and reduce the frequency of apnea episodes. By enhancing the respiratory response in these infants, caffeine not only helps to stabilize their breathing but also may decrease the risk of further apneic events, making it an effective treatment option.

This intervention is particularly important in preterm infants, who are at higher risk for apnea due to immature respiratory control mechanisms. Caffeine therapy is typically well-tolerated and has minimal side effects, making it a safe and beneficial first-line treatment to support respiratory function in this vulnerable population.

In contrast, other interventions such as routine resuscitation, supplemental oxygen, and mechanical ventilation may be necessary in more severe cases or for addressing underlying issues, but they are not the first-line treatments specifically for apnea. Such measures can be more invasive or involve a higher risk of complications, thus caffeine's role as a non-invasive initial management strategy is significant in addressing apnea effectively.