During assessment, an infant shows a protruding belly with an edematous face and limbs. This condition is best described as?

The condition described in the scenario, which includes a protruding belly and an edematous face and limbs, aligns with the characteristics of Kwashiorkor. This condition is primarily a form of malnutrition that occurs due to inadequate protein intake despite sufficient caloric intake. It is often seen in children who have transitioned from breastfeeding to a diet that lacks sufficient protein, leading to edema, particularly in the limbs and face, along with an extended abdomen due to fluid retention.

Kwashiorkor is distinctly marked by the swelling caused by low protein levels in the blood, which leads to an inability to maintain oncotic pressure, resulting in fluid leaking into surrounding tissues. The edematous appearance of the face and limbs combined with the distended abdomen constitutes a classic presentation of this condition.

In contrast, Potter Syndrome is characterized by the presence of distinctive physical features due to fetal renal agenesis, leading to oligohydramnios and resultant limb deformations rather than nutritional edema. A scaphoid abdomen refers to a condition where the abdomen appears sunken or hollow, often associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, which does not describe the bulging belly seen in this case. Marasmus, while also a form of malnutrition, is related to a