The choice to withhold life support from an anencephalic infant primarily reflects the principle of autonomy. Autonomy emphasizes the right of individuals, in this case, the parents, to make informed decisions about medical treatment based on their values and beliefs. Parents often have a profound emotional and ethical connection to their child, and their decision to refuse life support can stem from their understanding of the infant's condition and the implications of continued treatment.
In the context of anencephaly, parents may consider the quality of life, the potential suffering of the infant, and the clinical prognosis when making such a decision. Their personal beliefs and desires to act in what they perceive to be the best interest of their child guide their choice, demonstrating respect for their autonomy in making healthcare decisions.
While other ethical principles, such as nonmaleficence (do no harm) or beneficence (action that is done for the benefit of others), may also play roles in these discussions, the essential aspect of allowing parents to determine the course of action for their child's care underscores the importance of autonomy in this scenario.